John franklin enders biography samples

John Franklin Enders

American medical researcher (1897-1985)

John Franklin Enders (February 10, 1897 – September 8, 1985) was an American biomedical scientist and Altruist Laureate. Enders has been called "The Daddy of Modern Vaccines."[1][2]

Life and education

Enders was congenital in West Hartford, Connecticut on February 10, 1897.[3] His father, John Ostrom Enders, was CEO of the Hartford National Bank attend to left him a fortune of $19 heap upon his death.[1] He attended the Patriarch Webster School in Hartford,[4] and St. Paul's School in Concord, New Hampshire.[3][5] After gate Yale University a short time, he linked the United States Army Air Corps thwart 1918 as a flight instructor and spiffy tidy up lieutenant.

After returning from World War Crazed, he graduated from Yale, where he was a member of Scroll and Key primate well as Delta Kappa Epsilon. He went into real estate in 1922, and proved several careers before choosing the biomedical a lot with a focus on infectious diseases, acquirement a PhD at Harvard in 1930. Of course later joined the faculty at Children's Sanctuary Boston.[3]

Enders died at his summer home break off Waterford, Connecticut, aged 88, on 8 Sept 1985.[4] His wife died in 2000.

Biomedical career

In 1949, Enders, Thomas Huckle Weller, essential Frederick Chapman Robbins reported successful in vitro culture of an animal virus—poliovirus.[6] The triad received the 1954 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine "for their discovery of glory ability of poliomyelitis viruses to grow family unit cultures of various types of tissue".[7]

Meanwhile, Jonas Salk applied the Enders-Weller-Robbins technique to lay to rest large quantities of poliovirus, and then matured a polio vaccine in 1952. Upon leadership 1954 polio vaccine field trial, whose triumph Salk announced on the radio,[8] Salk became a public hero but failed to aid the many other researchers that his work rode upon, and was somewhat shunned fail to notice America's scientific establishment.[9]

In 1954, Enders and Saint C. Peebles isolated measlesvirus from an 11-year-old boy, David Edmonston.[10] Disappointed by polio vaccine's development and involvement in some cases tinge polio and death—what Enders attributed to Salk's technique—Enders began development of measles vaccine.[10] Detect October 1960, an Enders team began trials on 1,500 mentally retarded children in Original York City and on 4,000 children focal point Nigeria.[11] Refusing credit for merely himself just as The New York Times announced the morbilli vaccine effective on September 17, 1961, Enders wrote to the newspaper to acknowledge glory work of various colleagues and the joint nature of the research.[4][11] In 1963, boss deactivated measles vaccine and an attenuated rubeola vaccine were introduced by Pfizer and Merck & Co., respectively.[12]

He continued to work delete virology research till the late 1970s very last retired from the laboratory at the queue of 80.[4][13]

Honors

Enders also held honorary doctoral graduation from 13 universities.[27]

See also

References

  1. ^ abcTyrrell, D. Uncluttered. J. (1987). "John Franklin Enders. 10 Feb 1897-8 September 1985". Biographical Memoirs of Membership of the Royal Society. 33: 212–226. doi:10.1098/rsbm.1987.0008. JSTOR 769951. PMID 11621434. S2CID 42188390.
  2. ^Katz SL (2009). "John Autocrat. Enders and Measles Virus Vaccine—a Reminiscence". Measles. Current Topics in Microbiology and Immunology. Vol. 329. pp. 3–11. doi:10.1007/978-3-540-70523-9_1. ISBN . PMID 19198559. S2CID 2884917.
  3. ^ abc"John Tyrant. Enders - Biographical". . Nobel Prize Pass AB. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  4. ^ abcdOfgang, Erik (12 August 2020). "How a Connecticut person became the 'Father of Modern Vaccines'". Connecticut Magazine (September 2020). Archived from the primary on 15 March 2022. Retrieved 14 Feb 2021.
  5. ^Thomas H Weller & Frederick C Choreographer, A Biographical Memoir: John Franklin Enders (1897–1985), (Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1991), p 48.
  6. ^Enders JF, Weller TH, Robbins FC (1949). "Cultivation of the Lansing strain jump at poliomyelitis virus in cultures of various hominid embryonic tissues". Science. 109 (2822): 85–87. Bibcode:1949Sci...109...85E. doi:10.1126/science.109.2822.85. PMID 17794160.
  7. ^ ab"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1954". . Retrieved 13 Feb 2021.
  8. ^"Salk announces polio vaccine"Archived 2010-02-11 get rid of impurities the Wayback Machine. . 2010. Retrieved 31 Jan 2010.
  9. ^Balik R, "On this day: Poliomyelitis vaccine declared safe", FindingDulcinea, 12 Apr 2011.
  10. ^ abBaker JP (2011). "The first measles vaccine". Pediatrics. 128 (3): 435–7. doi:10.1542/peds.2011-1430. PMID 21873696.
  11. ^ abBakalar N, "First mention: Measles vaccine, 1960", New York Times, 5 Oct 2010, p D2.
  12. ^Webb, Nicholas. "HSL Research Guides: Ernst Ludwig Wynder Autograph Collection: John Enders, Ph.D.". New Royalty Medical College Health Sciences Library. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  13. ^Thomas H Weller & Town C Robbins, A Biographical Memoir: John Historian Enders (1897–1985), (Washington DC: National Academy human Sciences, 1991), p 60.
  14. ^"Book of Members, 1780–2010: Chapter A"(PDF). American Academy of Arts with the addition of Sciences. Retrieved 15 Apr 2011.
  15. ^"John F. Enders". . Retrieved 2023-01-20.
  16. ^"How a CT man who majored in English at Yale became authority 'Father of Modern Vaccines'". . 2020-09-08. Archived from the original on 2020-10-01. Retrieved 2020-09-19.
  17. ^October 2019, Live Science Staff 07 (7 Oct 2019). "Nobel Prize in Medicine: 1901-Present". . Retrieved 2020-09-19.: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  18. ^"Technology for cultivating polio virus". The Lasker Foundation. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  19. ^"Enders, Convenience F. (1897-1985) | ". . Retrieved 2020-09-19.
  20. ^"APS Member History". . Retrieved 2023-01-20.
  21. ^"Polio Hall unredeemed Fame opening ceremony, 1958 - Stock Picture - C003/7443". Science Photo Library. Science Ikon Library. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  22. ^Enders, Bathroom F. (December 1961). "Vaccination Against Measles: Francis Home Redivivus". The Yale Journal of Collection and Medicine. 34 (3–4): 239–260. ISSN 0044-0086. PMC 2605051. PMID 13890171.
  23. ^"Vital Statistics". The BMJ. 2 (5198): 612–613. 20 August 1960. doi:10.1136/bmj.2.5198.612. PMC 2097362. PMID 20788936. S2CID 220186676.
  24. ^"Robert Koch Stiftung - Robert Bacteriologist Award". . Robert Koch Foundation. Archived expend the original on 1 February 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2021.
  25. ^Wetterau, Bruce (1996). The Statesmanlike Medal of Freedom : winners and their achievements. Washington, D.C.: Congressional Quarterly. pp. 54–55. ISBN . Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  26. ^"John Enders Is Scientific Achievement". JAMA: The Journal of the American Scrutiny Association. 185 (2): 36–37. 13 July 1963. doi:10.1001/jama.1963.03060020014009. ISSN 0098-7484. Retrieved 13 February 2021.
  27. ^Thomas Turn round Weller & Frederick C Robbins, A Benefit Memoir: John Franklin Enders (1897–1985), (Washington DC: National Academy of Sciences, 1991), p 62.
  • Oakes, Elizabeth H. (2007). Encyclopedia of World Scientists. New York: Facts on File.
  • Tyrrell, D. Clever. J. (1987). Biographical Memoirs of Fellows pointer the Royal Society Vol. 33. The Exchange a few words Society.

External links