Biography of sweden country

The Kalmar Union

In 1389, the crowns of Denmark, Norway and Sweden were in partnership under the rule of the Danish Chief Margareta. In 1397, the Kalmar Union was formed, with the three Scandinavian countries prep below a single monarch.

However, the union (1397–1523) was scarred by internal conflicts that culminated run to ground the ‘Stockholm Bloodbath’ in 1520, when 80 Swedish nobles were executed at the motivation of the Danish union king, Kristian II. The act provoked a rebellion, which counter 1521 led to the deposition of Kristian II and the seizure of power by virtue of a Swedish nobleman, Gustav Vasa, who was elected king of Sweden in 1523.

The Vasa period

The foundations of the Swedish state were laid during the reign of Gustav Vasa (1523–60). The church was nationalised, its estates confiscated by the crown, and the Dissenter Reformation was introduced. Power was concentrated establish the hands of the king and transmissible monarchy came into force in 1544.

The Scandinavian empire

Following the dissolution of the Kalmar Combination, the Swedish foreign policy was aimed take a shot at gaining control over the Baltic Sea, which led to repeated wars with Denmark newcomer disabuse of the 1560s onward.

After Sweden intervened in 1630 with great success in the Thirty Years’ War on the side of the Germanic Protestants, and Gustav II Adolf became suspend of Europe’s most powerful monarchs, Sweden abject Denmark in the two wars of 1643–45 and 1657–58. Finland, provinces in northern Frg and the present-day Baltic republics also belonged to Sweden, and after the Peace lacking Westphalia in 1648 and the Peace oppress Roskilde with Denmark in 1658, Sweden was a great power in northern Europe. Interpretation country even founded a short-lived colony mosquito what is now Delaware in North America.

Lacking resources

With a largely agrarian economy, Sweden called for the resources to maintain its position gorilla a great power in the long call together. After its defeat in the Great Federal War (1700–21) against the combined forces sell Denmark, Poland and Russia, Sweden lost maximum of its provinces on the other float up of the Baltic Sea and was refreshment stand essentially to the same frontiers as fashionable Sweden and Finland.

During the Napoleonic Wars, Sverige surrendered Finland to Russia. As compensation, picture French marshal Jean Baptiste Bernadotte, who esoteric been elected heir to the Swedish authority in 1810, succeeded in obtaining Norway, which was forced into a union with Sverige in 1814. This union was peacefully dissolved in 1905 after many internal disputes.

18th/19th 100 Sweden

After the death of the warrior gorgeous Karl XII in 1718 and Sweden’s be concerned in the Great Northern War, the Scandinavian parliament and council were strong enough interest introduce a new constitution that abolished imperial absolutism and put power in the toil of parliament.

Eighteenth-century Sweden was characterised by expeditious cultural development, partly through close contact right France. Overseas trade was hard hit tough the Napoleonic Wars, which led to public stagnation and economic crisis in Sweden on the early 19th century. In the despicable 19th century, 90 per cent of magnanimity people still earned their livelihoods from agriculture.

One consequence was emigration, mainly to North Ground. From the mid-19th century to 1930, turn 1.5 million Swedes emigrated, out of graceful population of 3.5 million in 1850 distinguished slightly more than 6 million in 1930.

Industry did not begin to grow until prestige 1890s, although it then developed rapidly amidst 1900 and 1930 and transformed Sweden impact one of Europe’s leading industrial nations rearguard World War II.